For example, nearly one-third of nursing assistants and home health aides are Black women, according to an analysis by the Center for American Progress. It also documents LIFT members’ experience with accessing key relief measures and the important role of LIFT’s cash payments in filling in gaps. It focuses on Black and Latina women, who have been among those hardest hit by the pandemic and represent the majority of LIFT members.
Conversely, Mexican and Costa Rican women are often migrating from a patriarchal husband-wife system, with just 13% and 22% of households headed by women in these countries, respectively. Puerto Rico lies somewhere between these two systems, sharing aspects of both patriarchal and matrifocal systems. According to a study published by the National Institute of Health, these patterns correspond with relatively low female participation in the labor force. Because the Latina ethnicity encompasses a large variety of people, including people of various races from various countries, it is difficult to define the Latina Family experience in a simple way. To do so would oversimplify this population and result to stereotyping, as the experience of Latinas is just as nuanced as the women who comprise this ethnic group.
We then field-tested the adapted curriculum, and Latina community representatives reviewed it before implementation. Before developing the AMIGAS adaptation, we conducted 3 focus groups with ethnically and culturally diverse Latina women to explore the factors that increased their HIV risks. We collected ethnographic data on their beliefs related to gender and social norms and sexual communication, as well as their knowledge and misconceptions concerning HIV. Information obtained from the focus groups, Latina HIV prevention workers, community representatives, and a review of the literature highlighted the importance of making the intervention culturally congruent.
Latinas are making significant strides in education, participation, health, and other areas, but there is a long way to go to fully close racial and ethnic disparities. New policies such as the Affordable Care Act, or ACA, and other proposed policies such as immigration reform can greatly improve the lives of Latina women and their families. For example, under the ACA, around 4.9 million Latinas are receiving expanded preventive service coverage, and an estimated 4.6 million Latinas will gain access to affordable or subsidized health insurance, which may help close some of the health disparities Latina women face. The adapted curriculum was translated into Spanish by a translation services company and was reviewed, modified, back-translated into English, and finally approved by the study team.
This can leave them open to discrimination and bias, which can be especially harmful for women of color. While the federal minimum wage acts as an equalizer between genders, women of color are over-represented among low-wage earner. While they account for 17 percent of the total workforce, they make up 33 percent of workers in fast-growing, low-wage jobs like those in fast food, retail, and home health aid work.
While Latina women face a multitude of issues in immigrating into the United States, perhaps the most significant ones revolve around basic human rights. All too often, illegal Latina immigrants are unable to avoid human abuse because of lack of protection from the law. As a result, Latinas endure a severely unequal migratory experience when compared to their male counterparts. Immigration to the United States offers new economic prospects for Latina women.
The disaggregation of the white male premium and Hispanic woman penalty detailed in Figure 7 sheds light on the mechanism through which the wage gap changes with rising education. Regardless of their level of education, white men benefit from approximately similar wage premiums—just above 20 percent. Alternatively, Hispanic women who receive a high school diploma experience a wage gap that is about 10 log points lower than Hispanic women who dropped out before graduating high school. In contrast, the benefit of some college is marginal in closing the wage gap, and the benefits of a bachelor’s degree are even smaller.
White women are projected to wait 40 more years, and Black women are projected to wait another 108. Among men, Asian (-17%), Hispanic (-15%) and black (-13%) workers have experienced a greater loss than white (-9%) workers in the COVID-19 recession. The pattern among men also contrasts with the Great Recession, when the rate of job loss among white and black workers was steeper than among Asian and Hispanic workers. The economic downturn caused by the COVID-19 outbreak has been unsparing in its impact on the U.S. labor market. The number of employed workers fell by 24.7 million from February to April 2020 as the outbreak shuttered many parts of the economy.
- Lorig KR, Ritter PL, Jacquez A. Outcomes of border health Spanish/English chronic disease self-management programs.
- Zuniga de Nuncio ML, Nader PR, Sawyer MH, De Guire M, Prislin R, Elder JP. A prenatal intervention study to improve timeliness of immunization initiation in Latino infants.
- We developed and assessed AMIGAS (Amigas, Mujeres Latinas, Inform andonos, Gui andonos, y Apoy andonos contra el SIDA ), a culturally congruent HIV prevention intervention for Latina women adapted from SiSTA , an intervention for African American women.
- Our results support the efficacy of this linguistically and culturally adapted HIV intervention among ethnically diverse, predominantly foreign-born Latina women.
- James W. Hardin is with the Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia.
Massara’s ideal Hispanic woman, eager to prove that she is a good wife, may also cook traditional Hispanic foods that leave her and her family feeling full, but are high in carbohydrates and fat . However, according to the ADA, Hispanic foods are less to blame for the obesity epidemic than the methods used to prepare them. The ADA reports that often the methods used to prepare https://suarabinjai.com/fraud-deceptions-and-totally-lies-about-el-salvadorian-women-exposed/ Latin American foods add unhealthy amounts of fat and salt to dishes (“Do Latino Foods and Diabetes Mix?”). This combination of an unbalanced diet and the consumption of foods rich in carbohydrates and fats makes it very difficult for Hispanic women to maintain a healthy weight. The researchers caution that the clinical meaning of the detected antibody remains unknown.
Reasons For Latina Migration
In Los Angeles, LIFT serves mostly Latino families, 50 percent of whom do not have a legal right to work and nearly 50 percent of whom are monolingual-Spanish-speaking. About half of the LIFT families in New York City are English-language learners. About 90 percent of LIFT parents are female and nearly all are women of color; most have a high school education or less. They work when their home and family responsibilities allow, mostly in retail, hospitality, child care, home health care, and the gig economy and in jobs that generally offer low pay and changing and uncertain hours. Most of these jobs don’t come with paid sick leave or health insurance and can’t be done remotely; some are deemed essential, so these workers are at higher risk of exposure to COVID-19.
Depressed labor force participation and work hours bring down earnings for individual Hispanic women workers and may also contribute to a more precarious and anti-competitive labor market for all workers. Age and family structure play important roles in women’s labor force participation, as well as employment opportunities.
The majority of those workers are women, 4.2 million are Latinas, and over 38 percent of Latinos who would benefit are parents. Although a minimum wage hike wouldn’t fully solve the problem, it is a step in the right direction. NWLC reports that Latinas who work full-time, year-round jobs and also have a bachelor’s degree generally only earn about $52,037 per year. A White, non-Hispanic man with only an associate’s degree, on the other hand, generally makes $54,620. This comparison offers a bleak perspective of the position that Latina women are in – that despite having more education, some Latina women still earn lower wages and must work longer to make the same amount of money.
While many Latina women work outside the home in their countries of origin, their efforts in the U.S. often yield more economic benefits.
